Traveling Thoughts

I mentioned in my last post that Lindisfarne was a key location for the spread of Christianity in Northeastern Britain. Lindisfarne also has the distinction of being the location where the Vikings first invaded western Europe. The ‘pagan’ Vikings raided the Lindisfarne monastery in 793, killing many of the monks and destroying large portions of the abbey. This was a psychologically devastating attack as one of the holiest shrines had been sacked and St. Cuthbert had not intervened to prevent it.

I should mention two things. First, St. Cuthbert had died some 100 years previously. It seems peculiar that anyone would have expected a dead man to stop the Vikings. However, when Cuthbert died, his body seemed not to decay. He was placed in a coffin shrine and venerated as a saint. Soon, miracles began to be attributed to being in the presence of Cuthbert’s body. Lindisfarne became a major pilgrimage site. Kings and nobles supported the monastery financially, making it a place of Christian learning and scholarship. The famous Lindisfarne Gospels were one of the products of that community.

Thus, it came as a great shock that St. Cuthbert had not protected this site from Viking raiders.

There’s one other thing I need to mention, to be fair to the Vikings. (Do the Vikings need to be treated fairly?) The attack on the Lindisfarne community wasn’t just ‘random Viking violence.’ King Charlemagne had destroyed numerous ‘pagan’ Viking shrines during his many campaigns of war throughout Europe. The Vikings were sending a message back to Charlemagne. Unfortunately for the Vikings, they went down in history as heartless marauders. Charlemagne went down in history as the man who united western and central Europe and became Emperor. Charlemagne may have killed far more people than the Vikings ever did, but history isn’t always fair.

Christianity in England survived the ‘failure’ of St. Cuthbert. People had to adjust to the reality that God doesn’t always do what they expect him to do. This problem is ongoing even today. People get disappointed, and even outraged, that God doesn’t behave the way they expect him to. The main reason people leave Christianity is because they become disappointed, even angry, with God for ‘not doing a better job at being God.’ That’s a complicated subject that I can’t really address in this short post. However, I would like to suggest to the Christian world at large that we need to do a better job teaching believers about the nature of God and the realities of the fallen world we live in. It’s good to believe in, and pray for, miracles. But when we don’t get the miracle, it shouldn’t destroy our faith in God.

Lindisfarne Castle is located on a tiny island off the northeast coast of England. By tiny, I mean 3.5 miles long and 1 mile wide. That’s about 1000 acres. The same size as actor/director/celebrity Tyler Perry’s mansion estate in Georgia. However, with respect to Tyler Perry, Lindisfarne has a critically important place in the history of the world. Okay. Let me be fair. Lindisfarne Castle has been around 1400 years. Tyler Perry has been around maybe 40 years. He has some catching up to do!

In the year 635, the Northumbrian king, Oswald (reigned 634–42), summoned an Irish monk named Aidan to be bishop of his kingdom. Oswald granted Aidan and his companions the small tidal island of Lindisfarne on which to found a monastery. This location was essentially in the political heart of the kingdom, giving Christianity great missionary access to the vast northeast territory of England. Some 40 years later, a monk names Cuthbert arrived at the monastery. Cuthbert eventually became Prior of the area and instituted changes to religious practices. At the time, Christianity in England was split between two sets of practices (how very modern of them). First, there were the practices established by St. Patrick and the early Irish believers. Second, there were practices that the church at Rome had put into place.

Explaining the complexities of these various differences would require a textbook. However, I can give a simple example. The earlier practices and the Roman practices had established different dates for celebrating Easter. This meant there were also different dates for Lent. Imagine if you were still fasting during Lent but your neighbors were feasting after celebrating the Resurrection. Imagine a family where Mom was fasting and Dad was ready to eat! Dad is probably always ready to eat, but that’s beside the point. In any case, when Cuthbert became Prior, he chose to standardize religious practices. In doing so, he chose the Roman practices over the earlier version. This did not go over well with many.

Although Cuthbert was able to effectively get the kingdom to make the switch, he was on the receiving end of much negativity from those who opposed the change. Eventually, he simply retired to an even tinier island to be a hermit. Apparently, you don’t need social media to harass a person to despair. In any case, Cuthbert didn’t escape for long. The king simply promoted him to Bishop and forced him back into the world. Cuthbert proceeded to travel the country performing good deeds and healing illnesses.

I think this happens a lot in modern day ministry. People are called to accomplish something for God’s kingdom. They work hard at it, succeeding in spite of the difficulties and resistance. But often those people are overcome by the battle. They step back from God’s work because they’re exhausted or they’re overcome by resistance. But God doesn’t let anyone sit on the sidelines for long. It reminds me of the story of Elijah. After proving God’s supremacy over Baal, Elijah is hounded by Jezebel so badly he finally runs off into a self-imposed exile. But God doesn’t leave him there for long. God lets him rest then gives him strength and encouragement to continue his ministry, which included training his successor.

I wrote about Sasquatch. I wrote about the Yeti. I promised to write about the Skunk Ape, but I haven’t. Now, because people have been asking me when I was finally going to talk about the Florida Skunk Ape, here it is. Okay. To be totally honest, not a single person has asked me to write about the Skunk Ape. But here it is anyway.

Down in the Florida Everglades, there are rumors of a Bigfoot type creature popularly called the Skunk Ape. No, it’s not a cross between an ape and skunk. It’s an ape that smells as bad as a skunk. You’d think that would make it easy to find, but like other cryptids, it’s very elusive. Nevertheless, Skunk Ape sightings date back to 1818, over 200 years ago. Descriptions are fairly consistent: around seven feet tall, reddish hair, four toes on each foot, and a rancid rotten egg smell. You can see the details for yourself in this recent photo.

Okay. Maybe not.

As I’ve said before, I don’t believe in the existence of creatures like the Swamp Ape. Why not? Well, some years ago there was a TV show called Finding Bigfoot. This program ran several seasons and featured a team of ‘expert’ Bigfoot hunters. How do you become an expert Bigfoot hunter if you’ve never caught one? Anyway, in every episode, they went out to Bigfoot hot spots in search of the creature. They used fairly modern technology and intriguing tracking methods. If anyone was going to be able to find this creature and get a photo of it, this group would have. They did not. They also came to Florida in search of the Swamp Ape. They did not find him. Although they claim to have smelled him.

Now, here’s the thing. Just because no one has brought back definitive proof of the Skunk Ape and other cryptid creatures doesn’t mean they don’t exist. It’s bad logic to argue from the absence of definitive evidence. I’ve talked with many people who apply this kind of logic to the existence of God. They want definitive evidence or else they won’t believe. Theists can argue with all kinds of available evidence: intelligent design, the necessity of the universe needing a cause for its existence, the resurrection of Jesus (for Christians), and many more. There are thousands of apologetics books presenting the case for God’s existence. None of it will satisfy some people. But there comes a point where circumstantial evidence is just overwhelming and you begin to wonder if people are denying God’s existence because of reasons other than ‘lack of evidence.’

To close this Skunk Ape extravaganza, I present my favorite Skunk Ape fake photo.

The photo here portrays the entrance to the Bom Jesus Da Lapa Caverns. These man-made caverns are located in Bahia, Brazil, and have become a pilgrimage site. They began as a small indentation in the rocks of a hill and might have remained that way except for Francisco de Mendonça Mar.

In the mid 1650s, Francisco was born into a goldsmith’s family (they would have been billionaires ten times over today) and eventually set up his own shop in Salvador. Francisco quickly achieved local fame for his amazing work with gold and precious jewels. The Governor of Brazil heard of him and invited him to decorate the walls of the newly built Governor’s Palace in the area. Promised a hefty payment for the job, Francisco accepted. (I think I would have too.) He quickly went to work, using much of his own money to finance the project. (That I would not have done.) When the project was completed, Francisco officially presented it to the Governor. Instead of the promised payment, the Governor had Francisco flogged and thrown into prison. Apparently, the untrustworthiness of the government is not a modern invention.

Francisco languished in prison for awhile. Eventually, he managed to get a letter sent to the king of Portugal outlining his misfortunes. In time, he was granted his freedom. I remind everyone that getting a letter from Salvador, Brazil to Portugal required a lengthy ocean voyage from an available ship and then another lengthy voyage back with orders from the king. Francisco waited a long time to gain his freedom.

One might think Francisco would have then used his fortune for revenge on the Governor. He did not. (I might have). First, he stripped himself of all his belongings and riches. Second, he set off into the Brazilian wilderness on a long solitary journey carrying an image of Senhor Bom Jesus (Lord Good Jesus) and another of Nossa Senhora da Soledade (Our Lady of Solitude). Finally, after much wandering, Francisco came upon the Lapa hill and discovered rock outcroppings where he chose to settle and become a hermit. Over time, he carved out a large grotto and then small chambers. He placed the two images he brought with him in the grotto, where he began to worship. Yes, Francisco was Catholic. But he was a true believer.

In time, word spread of the crazy hermit living in a cave. People began to come out to Lapa Hill to see for themselves. Some were so impressed by Francisco’s faith and devotion, they chose to stay with him. Francisco ministered to the local tribes. He was charitable to local villages. He took in the sick and homeless, many of whom stayed with him in the grotto. His fame spread across the country and eventually the Catholic Church trained him and made him a priest. His solitary life ended up with an impact on Brazil that no one could have expected from an ex-prisoner. I guess it’s a riches to rags to riches story.

Francisco’s impact is still felt today, some 450 years later. Tens of thousands of people pilgrimage to the grotto in search of spiritual wisdom. The caves have become a church where the faithful worship. A small rocky indentation has become a church. A betrayed goldsmith changed his life and sought to live out the message of the gospel. These things should encourage us to always look at our lives as an opportunity to change things and to serve God wherever and however he calls us.

This is a rather famous photo that you might not recognize. It was taken in 1937 by Frank Smythe, a world-famous mountaineer. It is purported to show the footprints of a Yeti. Normally, I would discount something like this, but Frank Smythe was a well-respected climber. He made three attempts to ascend to the summit of Mt. Everest. He took hundreds of photographs of flora and fauna in the Himalayas. He has written dozens of books. When a man as accomplished as Frank Smythe makes a claim, I take it seriously.

Those who have read my past blog entries know that I don’t believe in legendary creatures of any type. When I examine this photo, all I can really conclude is that, yes, those are footprints in the snow. There’s no way to determine what actually made those footprints. If you research Frank Smythe, you’ll find that he did think these were Yeti prints. When the photo was published in a magazine, experts determined these were bear prints. Frank Smythe accepted their judgment. But a lot of other people did not.

The abominable snowman became popular in modern culture. Sightings began to increase. Some individuals started going to the Himalayas to find the Yeti instead of to climb Everest. Eric Shipton and Dr. Michael Ward were surveying the Himalaya area to find possible routes up to the summit of Mt. Everest. They came across some intriguing prints.

These prints still remain unidentified. Many claim the prints are a hoax. There’s really no way to prove it one way or the other. Sadly, there have been many people who have tried to fake Yeti and Sasquatch footprints. All I can say for a fact is that people are seeing a creature that they know isn’t a bear. Or seeing unusual footprints that sometimes can’t be identified. The creatures could be out there. I try to keep an open mind although I’m extremely skeptical.

There is one yeti that I love, though.

In the country of Lithuania, you can find the Hill of Crosses. It’s currently a well-traveled pilgrimage site containing at least 100,000 crosses as of 2006. Probably a lot more now, but people keep adding crosses so quickly it’s difficult for the country to keep track. Lithuanian cross crafting is so popular that UNESCO has placed it in its lists of good safeguarding practices and intangible cultural heritage. I didn’t even know UNESCO had such lists.

The hill had its first crosses place after an unsuccessful attempt to break free from Russian rule back in 1831 (yes, almost 200 years ago). As the story goes, many families could not locate the bodies of fallen rebels. In order to remember them, they put up crosses on the hill. Over the years, more crosses continued to appear. Then things changed in 1944. The Soviet Union began occupying Lithuania at that time.

The Soviet Union was fanatically atheistic. They began oppressing the clergy and banning all religious publications. The hill became symbolic of faith to the Lithuanian people and the number of crosses skyrocketed. The Soviet Union eventually caught on to the significance of the hill and destroyed it. But people kept coming and placing new crosses. Three times, the hill was bulldozed and destroyed. People caught bringing crosses were arrested and punished. Yet the people kept coming with crosses. Every night they came. For decades they came. Then things changed again. The Soviet Union was dissolved in 1990. The Hill of Crosses still stands, larger than ever before.

I have to ask myself if I would have had the courage to stand up against religious persecution and carry a cross to that hill. The Gospel of Matthew quotes Jesus as saying, “If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me.” The passage goes on, emphasizing that in trying to save our lives we can inadvertently risk our souls. The cross of Christ is symbolic of the sacrifice Jesus made on his cross. We all have our own crosses to bear. Can we do so even unto death?

My journeys have taken me to some strange places. The Sasquatch Outpost is one of my favorite strange places. Mostly because I went there with a friend. I told him there was someplace in Bailey, Colorado I wanted to see and would he come. He responded, “What the %$#$ is in Bailey, that place is in the middle of nowhere.” I laughed and said, “Just someplace I want to visit.” To which he replied, “This better not be some bull$#$@.” But he agreed to drive us in his truck.

It was a nice drive that meandered slowly upwards until it plateaued around 8,000 feet. We came to a sign that announced we were entering Bailey, after which we promptly exited Bailey. “You missed the turnoff,” I complained and my friend grumbled, “There’s nothing $%#@ing here, dude.” Yes, my buddy likes to swear. Anyway, he U-turned in someone’s parking lot and we headed back. Slowly. Until I pointed a driveway and pointed at it. He pulled up, looked at Sasquatch and the sign, looked back at me, and swore some more. But then he laughed.

The outpost is small but contains two parts. The front half is a store dedicated to selling all things Sasquatch. Pretty much anything comes with Sasquatch prominently featured. Hats. Shirts. Mugs. Keychains. Underwear. If they don’t have it they can find it or make it! The back half is a Sasquatch immersion experience. If you dare. Hundreds of documented sightings are displayed. Footprint casts are shown. Even Sasquatch poop is preserved for you to study. And no back room Sasquatch experience is complete without replicas of the creature.

It’s a fun place to visit even if you’re only moderately interested in the Bigfoot phenomenon. But what about the Yeti and the Skunk Ape? Next time.

Let me say right here at the beginning that I don’t believe in Extraterrestrial beings. Nor do I believe in Bigfoot, the Loch Ness Monster, Mothman, or any of those types of legends. However, I have watched all those movies and every variation of them. And I will watch all the new ones as well. Even more, I love to stop at off the wall places dedicated to all those creatures. So when I ended up in Roswell for a day, I was thrilled to visit the UFO museum.

This place walks you through the complete history of the Roswell incident. Reproductions of news articles, government documents, and photos are prominently displayed. There are full scale models of flying saucers and the infamous grey aliens. I had lots of pictures of these, which I would share if I hadn’t lost them in the Gulf of Mexico when my phone went overboard. But I’ll provide an example here.

Strangely enough, the city of Roswell appears normal in almost every respect. Just a small part of old downtown reflects the UFO phenomenon. In that area, there are street lamps in the shape of aliens. Alien themed shops are around, but they can be as hard to find as the actual grey aliens themselves. But I did find them and I did buy alien souvenirs. I posed for many alien themed pictures as well. Sadly, they are also at the bottom of the Gulf.

In conversations about extra terrestrials, I’ve found a lot of my Christian friends have strong feelings about their existence. Some feel that the existence of aliens is impossible because God created humans; the Bible says nothing about aliens being created. Other friends are ambivalent about the possibility of aliens; if they exist, God created them and they’re part of His purpose. Another small group believes that aliens are demonic beings and UFO sightings are the work of the devil. As I said at the top, I don’t believe in aliens. But I also don’t know the truth about aliens and UFOs. I could be wrong.

Now excuse me while I go watch Sigourney Weaver kill a bunch of aliens!

When I think of Romania, I immediately think of Transylvania and vampires. It’s probably not that strange to think that way. Transylvania is a region in Romania. Books, movies, and TV have made Transylvania famous for Dracula and vampires in general. Hence, Romania equals vampires. However, one thing I have never associated with Romania is the presence of monasteries. Yet there are some famous, and extremely beautiful, painted monasteries in the Bucovina region of Romania. For the moment, I’ll just focus on one of them. Sucevita.

The monastery at Sucevita was founded in the 1580s and the extensive paintings were completed in 1601. The architecture of the building is a combination of Byzantine and Gothic style, neither of which I can describe without extensive research. So I’m not going to try. You can look those up yourself. The paintings themselves are considered masterpieces of Byzantine art.

The various paintings of monasteries portray Biblical episodes. Sucevita boasts a magnificent depiction of the Ladder to Paradise. This was a popular concept and image taken from the account of Jacob’s vision in Genesis 28. Over time, the ladder to heaven developed into a complex depiction of salvation and condemnation. In the Sucevita depiction, red-winged angels in orderly rows attend the righteous on a slanting ladder to the heavens, each rung inscribed with one of the monastic virtues. Sinners fall through the rungs and are driven by grinning devils to the chaos of hell.

In the last ten years, Romania has created the Via Transilvanica. It’s an 800 mile hiking trail that crosses the Transylvania, Bukovina, and Banat regions of Romania. When I came across this fact, I realized that these painted monasteries are relatively close to the fictional location of Dracula’s Castle. In the future, I’m going to alter my self-thought. Romania equals vampires equals painted monasteries. That’s a better thought to end on.

This is the outside of the Abby of San Galgano. It once had great vaulted ceilings and a fairly high bell tower. I wanted to say towering, but ‘towering bell tower’ just seemed to be a redundant phrase. Over its centuries of existence, it rose to power in the area of Siena. As political power shifted, its somewhat isolated location made it a target for bandits and raiders. The correct term in this situation would be condottieri, Italian mercenaries, but I didn’t want anyone to have to look it up. Eventually, the towering bell tower came down, taking most of the vaulted ceiling with it. Yes, I used that phrase anyway. This aerial view of the abbey gives some perspective on the size of that roof that collapsed.

Previously, I told the story of why San Galgano put his sword into the stone. There is another story about that, one involving a mythical king. No, it’s not King Arthur, although it really should be. In any case, this mythical king was fed up with all the battles occurring throughout Italy. During a meeting with several of the Italian leaders, he drove his sword into stone as a symbolic act of peace. Whether he was echoing the prophet Isaiah and the imagery of turning swords into plowshares is unknown. But the comparison is quite clear.

The first five verses of Isaiah 2 give a picture of a time when peace would reign. Swords would be transformed into plowshares and spears into pruning hooks. Instead of instruments of war, the people would have instruments for peaceful agriculture. The Abbey of Galgano became a place dedicated to agriculture. As I noted previously, we still use agricultural techniques developed there.

The Abbey represents mankind. We desire peace. We proclaim that desire loudly and demonstrably. Yet the world around us is not peaceful. The raiders and bandits are lying in wait outside the abbey, hoping for a weakness they can exploit. But we have weaknesses within as well. The rest of Isaiah 2, plus Isaiah 3, illustrate these. Greed. Social injustice. Pride. Idolatry. Despite our deep wish for peace and justice, we’ll end up like the ruins of San Galgano if we don’t drive our swords into the stone. Or at least turn them into plowshares.